Tag: <span>cell culture</span>

The ability to scale a cell culture effectively and efficiently, from lab to manufacturing, is critical to maximizing productivity whilst minimizing the risk of run failures and delays that can cost millions of dollars per month. The task of scaling well, however, is still considered to be a challenge by many upstream scientists, and this can be an exercise in trial and error. Traditionally, scaling has most often been performed using arithmetic in a spreadsheet and/or simple ā€œback of an envelopeā€ calculations. For some, it may even come in the form of support from a team of data scientists using advanced analytical software. This dependency on what some consider to be complex mathematics or statistics has resulted in the common consideration of using just one scaling parameter at a time, one scale at a time.

However, it is difficult to determine easily or optimally, from the start, whether a process successfully transfers across scales based on only one process parameter, at one scale. In this article, we describe the benefits of using a risk-based approach to scaling, and the development of a software scaling tool known as BioPATĀ® Process Insights for predictive scale conversion across different bioreactor scales. BioPAT Process Insights can be used to consider multiple parameters and across multiple scales simultaneously, from the start of a scaling workflow. We briefly describe how it was used in a proof-of-concept scale-up study to allow a faster, more cost-effective process transfer from 250 mL to 2000 L. In summary, using BioPAT Process Insights, in conjunction with a bioreactor range that has comparable geometry and physical similarities across scales, has the potential to help biopharma manufacturing facilities reach 2000 L production-scale volumes with fewer process transfer steps, saving both time and money during scale-up of biologics and vaccines.

Manufacturing Risk Analysis and Management

Growth performance testing in cell culture is an effective approach to making serum suitability and purchase decisions. An independent commercial testing lab conducted two separate and sequential growth promotion studies to underscore the need for pre-purchase lot performance testing with: (1) FBS; and (2) FBS alternatives. Results from both studies are presented here to compare and contrast:
ā€¢ FBS lots to each other
ā€¢ FBS alternatives lots to each other
ā€¢ FBS alternatives lots to FBS
FBS alternatives are included because they are often overlooked as a cost-effective substitute for FBS, providing, in many cases, equivalent performance. It is advisable to avoid preconceived notions concerning the quality or performance of a serum product without considering the culture system, culture conditions, and the subject cells, which can all have a material impact on its performance in cell culture.
Test ā€“ then decide

Biologics Production

With the continued growth of the biopharmaceutical market, the cell culture industry has seen a major shift away from the use of serum and other animal-derived supplements in the manufacture of biopharmaceuticals. Indeed, supporting guidance from the EMEA and FDA for the manufacture of biopharmaceuticals and medical devices encourages the use of “animal-free” components.Ā The key driver for this can be attributed to the increased concern with contamination from adventitious agents such as transmissible encephalopathiesā€¦

Biologics Production

Various types of viral vectors are being employed extensively as gene therapeutics to treat cancer and genetic diseases. Among the viruses that have been produced for human clinical trials (i.e. retrovirus, adenovirus, poxvirus, adeno-associated virus, and herpesvirus vectors) adenoviruses exhibit the lowest pathogenicity yet still infect an extensive range of cell types with high efficiency. These key characteristics make recombinant adenoviruses efficient gene-delivery vehicles and excellent research tools. However, the time-consuming and complex processes of generation, amplification, purification, and quality testing associated with production of recombinant adenoviruses make it difficult for many researchers to utilize these vectors. This is particularly true with respect to cell culture optimization and the virus propagation protocols employed in vector production. In this regard, the development of innovative cell culture techniques has become vital for optimizing vector production for gene therapy…

Biologics Production Cell & Gene Therapy Viral Vectors

Foreign substances, such as disease-causing viruses and other infectious agents are recognized by the body’s immune system as invaders. Parts of the spectrum of our defenses are antibodies that bind these antigens and direct their destruction by other elements of the immune system. Antibodies have two very useful characteristics. First, they are extremely specific; that is, each antibody binds to one particular antigen. Second, the body retains the memory of encounters with antigens, enabling it to reproduce an antibody response to a later attack by that that same agent or disease. These properties make it possible to develop vaccines. It is the first trait of antibodies, their specificity, which makes monoclonal antibody (MAb) technology so valuable. Not only can antibodies be used therapeutically, to protect against disease, they also can help diagnose a wide variety of illnesses and can detect the presence of infectious agents (including biological threat agent). The use of MAbs specific for biological warfare agents in fielded assays requires maintaining a high-quality and economical supply of these reagents…

Biologics Production

It is well known that the characteristics of a cultured cell line do not always remain stable and may change upon continuous passage. Most continuous cell lines, even after cloning, possess several genotypes that are constantly changing. There are numerous selective and adaptive culture processes, in addition to genetic instability, that may promote phenotypic changes in cell growth, virus susceptibility, gene expression, et cetera. Similar detrimental effects of long term passaging of insect cells have also been reported for continuous cell lines. In this paper, we describe the isolation of cell clones from low passage BTI Tn5B1-4 cells (High FiveTM Cells), and report their growth characteristics and high level of recombinant protein production…

Biologics Production

Viral safety and viral clearance evaluation are high-profile areas for product safety. Regulators are keenly focused on viral safety and expect high-quality data to support it, particularly for IND and BLA approvals. Familiarity with process and regulatory requirements, as well as expertise in the key areas of viral clearance, are essential for strategic planning and can yield savings in time, effort, and money…

Biologics Production Manufacturing Regulatory

The characterization of a batch cell culture process to produce a monoclonal antibody from a GS-NS0 mouse myeloma cell line is described. Productivity and cellular metabolism were monitored during scale-up to both characterize the process and aid in assessing cell culture stability. During fermentation scale-up studies, it was found that as culture generation number increased, productivity declined. In both flask and bioreactor cultures, declining production started abruptly at approximately generation 60. In this study, we assessed whether the decline in productivity was due to genetic instability of the cell line, which resulted in the generation of a non-producer sub-population, or a shift to a less productive state of cellular metabolism…

Biologics Production

Apoptosis is an essential biological process that has been conserved among eukaryotic organisms throughout evolution. Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is necessary for embryological development, tissue homeostasis, immune system maintenance and development, and as a defense mechanism against the progression of cancer and viral infection. With the advent of biotechnology and the development of associated molecular biology techniques such as recombinant DNA technology and mammalian cell culture, tissues can be extracted from organisms and have their cells cultured as single cell suspensions or adherent monolayers. Therefore, these cultures can function as living production facilities for antibodies, recombinant glycoproteins, vaccines, hormones, growth factors, and more. However, the cell’s ability to control its own death is not lost upon its manipulation from the organism to culture. Consequently, apoptosis, which is so fundamentally important in-vivo, becomes a detriment to biochemical manufacturers in-vitro…

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