An effective disinfection program is an essential component of a pharmaceutical/biopharmaceutical manufacturer’s contamination control strategy. A good disinfection program can help prevent microbial or viral contamination of the manufactured product, further ensuring product safety for patients. The term disinfection is often used interchangeably with cleaning, but the purpose of disinfection is quite different from that of cleaning. Disinfection of a surface will result in inactivation of infectious agents such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses, whereas cleaning a surface removes soil, debris, and other residues.
Tag: <span>viral inactivation</span>
In this paper, we review the efficacy data for low and high pH inactivation of viruses in solutions (i.e., liquid inactivation) and discuss the mechanisms of action and the impact of temperature and treatment time, as these are the primary determinants of inactivation efficacy, besides pH, for different viruses. Only enveloped viruses were considered for low pH inactivation, as the literature concerning low pH inactivation of non-enveloped virus is not extensive and low pH is not considered to be an effective inactivation approach for most non-enveloped viruses. We conclude that for low pH treatment of enveloped viruses, and high pH treatment of both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, an enteric flavivirus such as bovine viral diarrhea virus represents a worst-case model virus…